class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        double pi = 3.14159;
        int n = 42;
        // .2f precision, 05d zero-pad, 6d width, x hex
        System.out.println(String.format("%.2f", pi));
        System.out.println(String.format("%05d", n));
        System.out.printf("%6d%n", n);
        System.out.printf("%x%n", 255);
    }
}

width, padding, precision, hex